行山被沙蚤咬傷至肝膽衰竭? 專家:小心處理、二次感染 被蛇咬勿用口吸

文: U Magazine
2023.07.04

夏日炎炎,但無阻人們出外郊遊及進行戶外活動,如果假日喜歡去行山,或要帶小朋友到郊外公園遊玩的話,就要小心蚊叮蟲咬啦。一般情況下,被蚊蟲咬到都唔會有太大問題,但如果後續處理得唔好,造成二次感染引發其他併發症就會好嚴重!

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【家居達人】專家分享床單小知識! 點樣揀床單?清洗方法+次數?

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早前有人喺行山時遭沙蚤咬傷,本來情況還好,但病情突然急轉直下,仲引發肝膽衰竭,實在令人擔憂!究竟夏天係咪應該要避免行山或戶外活動,減少被蚊蟲咬傷嘅機會呢?有毒理科專家估計,其實沙蚤並唔係具有劇毒嘅昆蟲,一般只會引起皮膚炎,將毒素殘留喺人體皮膚黏膜上,照理對身體唔會造成太大威脅。如果出現嚴重情況,有機會係因為當事人遭咬傷後,冇及時處理好傷口,其後又被其他細菌二次感染,最終細菌入血導致敗血症。


一般人被蚊、蟲、蜜蜂咬到會出現紅腫等情況屬正常反應,情況唔會太嚴重。不過,如果本身對某種蟲類或蜜蜂有過敏,咁就會好危險啦~譬如一個人對蜜蜂嘅毒素敏感,就算只係接觸到很微量嘅毒素,也有機會令身體出現過敏反應,出現氣道收縮,影響呼吸,可大可小㗎!


被咬後除咗紅腫反應,其他部位都同時有過敏徵狀,估計屬於系統反應,代表被咬者可能對某啲蟲或蜜蜂嘅毒素有過敏反應。如果只係輕微紅腫,建議可以使用抗組胺嘅藥膏,就可以消炎、消腫。

比起蚊叮蟲咬,大家可能會比較擔心被蛇咬,畢竟呢類情況唔係經常發生,一時之間可能唔知點處理好!有專家就指出,香港冇毒嘅蛇比有毒嘅多,遭蛇咬而導致嚴重中毒嘅個案其實並唔常見,可以話近十多年冇有關嘅死亡個案,所以大家唔使咁擔心。

不過萬一被蛇咬,千其唔好模仿電影中幫被咬者用口吸吮毒液,因為人嘅口腔有好多細菌,用嘴巴接觸傷口,有可能令傷口細菌感染,情況更為惡劣!另外,紥緊傷口的確有助減慢毒素進入循環系統,不過切忌用力加壓,或是用止血帶、毛巾繩子包紮綑綁,以免造成傷口處缺氧壞死,可能會令中毒情況惡化。


最佳處理方法係盡量令被咬者少啲郁動,然後盡快求醫,一般醫院都會有血清同解毒劑,有助緩解傷者情況。


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